Electrical system of distribution.



, G. CROSBY. I ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF msnisuno APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26,I914.

Patented Jan 30,1911- w/mas m/mvm By mwmvus abuttingagainst a fixedframe UNITED STATES GORHAM CROSBY, or BROOKLYN, new YonKf; Ass sting 'roeonrin constants centre-arr,

' A eonrona'rron'or new roan. f

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION.

' To all whom it'may concern:

Be it known that I, Goni-IArvrCnosBY, a citizen of theUnited States, anda resident of Brooklyn, county of Kings, State of New York, haveinvented. certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical SystemsofDistribution, of which the following is a specification i M Myinventionrelates to electrical, systems 0t distribution and moreparticularly the regulation of variable speed generators, adapted tocharge a storage battery, asin car lightin systems,' where the generatoris driven at a variable speed from one of the axles of the car; gestedto control the voltage of such a generator by varying the strength ofits field by means of the earbonpilein thefield circuit of thegenerator, controlled either by a voltage coil or a current coil, orboth, but according to my invention, 1 apply both current and voltagecontrol not only entirely independent of one another, but by means 0members acting on the same end of the pile, so that the pile is notshiftable ormovable as a whole.

Further objects, features and advantages will more clearly appear fromthe detail description given below, taken in connection with theaccompanying sheet of drawings, which form apart of this specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents diagrammatically a systemembodyinginy in vention in one form, and Fig. 2 is a diagram embodying amodified form of the invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, 1 represents-a main generator adapted to be drivenat variable speed, as from theaxle of a railway car. 2

represents a storage battery connectedto the generatoras by mains 3and"4l.- repre- "sents a lamp or translation circuit, also connected tobe suppliedby the generator when it is running at sutficient'speed.Grepresents the field windings of the generator connected across theterminalsof the genera tor in series with a fixed resistance 7 Con'nected' in'shunt with thefield'windlng 6 1s a carbon pile 8, having twolevers 9 and 10, operating upon the samefend of the pile. The other'endof the pile is fixed, as by piece 11.

It has been heretoforesugcrease,

Specification of Letters Patent, Patten-ted Jars, 1911', Applicationfile d June 251914. Serial n. 347,408.

The lever} is operated by a solenoid 12, connected in series with thebattery 2, in the mally pulls the lever 10 down against its stop 17;

'ln operation, when the generator is not. running, or not running atsuilicient speed to generate a suiiicient voltage to charge the battery,both of the core-s13 and i6 pull their respective levers 9' and l0 downagainst the stops as to relieve the pressure on the pile 8,

whereby the resistance of the pile S is very great, orthe pile issubstantially open circuited, and accordingly shunts little or nocurrent away from the fields 6. When,

however, the generator voltage is built; up

-sufiicient to charge the battery with the del l and 17, respectively,so

.sired chargingcurrent, the current flowing through the solenoid ormagnet 12 will be sufiicient to lift the core against he 1 tion ofgravity, causing thepile 8 to be more or less compressed by the lever 9.This causes more or less current to be away from the field 6, therebyweakening the fields and tending to decrease the voltage of thegenerator, so that the charging current is limited to the desired value.In this manner the charging current of the battery is kept substantiallyconstant throughout variations in speed at. the generator. When,however, the bat stantially charged, indicated by its rise involtage,i'the-voltage magnetlo will become suliiciently energized toraise its core against the actionof gravity, whereupon the lever 10 willact to compress the'pile 8, and so regulate the voltage of thegenerator, as to limit the rise in voltage thereof above this desiredvalue. being thus limited, the charging current of the battery willimmediately slightly dewhich' decrease in weakens the solenoid 12', sothat the action of gravity preponderates and the lever 9 is shunted.

The voltage of the generator current "sufiicientlyilto of the generatorthen proceeds purely responsive to voltage control, whereby the voltageof the generator is limited as de- 4 sired. Itwill thus be seen thatduring the members acting on the against the stops 14 and charging ofthe battery, the voltage electroresponsive device 15 remainssubstantially inactive, and has no effect upon the pile 8 or theregulation of the generator until the battery has become substantiallycharged, at which time the voltage solenoid 15 assumes control and thecurrent coil becomes inactive. By arranging the levers 9 and 10 tooperate on the same end of the pile 8, oneend of the pile remains fixedand it is not necessary to provide a pile which is shiftable as a whole.

It will be understood that the usual automatic main switch may beprovided for cutting in or connecting the generator with the battery andlamps, when the generator has reached the desired voltage, and that anysuitable or well-known form of apparatus may be used for regulating thevoltage on the lamps, to keep the lamp voltage at the desired value,irrespective of the'changes in voltage across the battery.

The system shown in Fig. 2 is substantially the same as shown in Fig. 1,and operates in substantially the same manner, with the exception thatinstead of allowing the action of gravity on the cores 13 and 16 to pullthe levers 9 and 10 down against the stops 14 and 17 respectively, thelevers 9 and 10 are pulled upwardly 17, to relieve the pressure on pile8, by means of springs 20 and 21, respectively. Also, instead ofarranging the windings of the solenoid 12 responsive to battery currentchanges in the battery circuit, the windings 12 are'serially connectedbetween the generator and the battery, so as to be responsive to batterycurrent changes by being connected in the main generator circuit, sothat coil 12 carries both the battery and lamp current. In either case,however, chan es in the battery current affect the solenoid 12, which isserially connected between the generator and battery so that thegenerator is controlled responsive to battery current changes. In thearrangement shown in Fig. 2, however, the total current is limited to a.predetermined value, so that the generator 1 may not be overloaded.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is c 1. In anelectrical system of distribution, the combination of a generator drivenat variable speed, a storage battery connected to be charged thereb acarbon pile for regulating the Voltage of the generator, two same end ofthe variable spee of the battery pile mechanically independent of oneanother, an electromagnet controlling the action of one memberresponsive to voltage changes of the battery and generator, and

an electromagnet serially connected between the generator and batteryfor controlling the action of the other member to regulate the batterycharging current. I

2. In an electrical system of distribution, the combination of agenerator driven at variable speed, a storage battery connected to becharged thereby, a carbon pile for regulating the voltage of thegenerator, connected in shunt relation with field windings of thegenerator, aresistance in series with said field windings and pile, twolevers acting on the same end of said pile mechanically independent ofone another, a sole? noid for controlling the lever responsive tovoltage changes across the generator and battery and a solenoid seriallyconnected between the generator and battery controlling the other lever,the actuation of either lever by its solenoid tending to compress thepile. 4

3. In an electrical system of distribution, the combination of agenerator driven at a storage battery connected to be charged thereb acarbon pile for regulating the voltage of the generator, two membersacting on the same end of the pile mechanically independent of oneanother, an electromagnet controlling the action of one memberresponsive to voltage changes and generator, and an electromagnetcontrolling the rac'tion of the other member respons1ve't (r;,changes inthe battery charging curre'ntfithe volta controlled electromagnet hav'gno e ect on the pile until the battery has become substantially charged.j 7

4. An electrical system of distribution, having in combinationa'generator, a storage battery connected to betcharged thereby, acompressible variable resistance operatively connected in the fieldcircuit to regulate the voltage of'the generator, two levers acting onthe-same end of said compressible variable resistance, mechanicallyindependently of one another, a current coil connected between thegenerator and battery for regulating the action of one lever, and a coilresponsive to voltage changes for regulating the action of the otherlever.

5. In an'electrical system of distribution, the combination of agenerator driven at variable speed, a storage battery connected to becharged thereby,- a carbon pile for regulating the voltage of thegenerator, two members acting on the same end of the pile independent ofone another, electroresponsive means for contljolling one memberresponsive to batter current changes during the charging of t 9 battery,so as to limit the charging current and electroresponsive meansforcontrolling the other member res onsive to voltage changes, said lastmentloned electroresponsive means having no effect on the pile until thebattery has become substantially charged, when the gener ator voltage iscontrolled purely by voltage changes of the system.

In testimony whereof, I have signed "n'iy name to this specification, inthe presence 12 of two subscribing Witnesses.

GORHAM CROSBY.

Witnesses:

ADAM SCHMIDT, EDWIN Snenn.

